Post-method pedagogy, Online tutoring, Reflective practice and teacher learning, Learner centeredness and learner needs

Post method Pedagogy ·       Kumaravadivelu proposed the concept of post method pedagogy in 1994. ·       Who is the author of the book Beyond methods 'Macrostrategies for Language Teaching' and 'Understanding Language Teaching From Method to Post method'? B.Kumaravadivelu ·       The limitation of the concept of method and the transmission model of teacher education resulted in post method pedagogy. ·       What are the three dimensional system of post method pedagogy? Particularity, Practicality, Possibility  ·       Post method is constructivist oriented. ·       The main purpose of post method is to facilitate the growth and development of teacher's own theory to practice. ·       PMF- Post Method Framework ·       Post method pedagogy emphasizes on teacher experience and theoretical knowledge. ·       Kumaravadivelu defines methods as colonial constructs conceptualized by theorist, not Methods actualized by teachers in their everyday practices. ·       The post method pedagogy considers teacher as an autonomous teacher. ·       The parameter of possibility mainly comes from the educational philosophy of the pedagogist Paulo Freire. ·       Post method pedagogy emerged to respond the demand for a most optimal way of teaching English free from the method based instruction. Extra Notes   ·       Macro strategies are guiding principles derived from historical, theoretical, empirical, and Experimental insights related to L2 learning and teaching.   ·        Micro strategy is a broad guideline leading teachers to generate their own location- specific, Need-based micro strategies or classroom procedures. Online tutoring   ·       Online tutoring is the process of tutoring in an online, virtual environment or network environment in which teachers and learners are separated by time and space. ·       LMS- Learning Management System ·       E-portfolio is highly useful in online teaching as a means of assessment.   ·       Online tutoring helps the teachers meet diverse students.   ·        Online tutoring has flexibility with regard to location and time. ·       Moodle is a free and open-source learning management system used for blended learning, distance Education, flipped classroom and other e-learning projects.   ·       The pioneer of e-learning is Bernard Luskin. Reflective practice and teacher learning   ·       Reflective practice is the ability to reflect on one's actions so as to engage in a process of continuous Learning. ·       Donald Schon's book The Reflective Practitioner introduced concept such as reflection- on- action and Reflection- in- action. ·       John Dewey was among the first to write about reflective practice with his exploration of experience, interaction and reflection.   ·       Experience alone does not necessarily lead to learning deliberate reflection on experience is essential.   ·        Reflective teaching is a process of self-observation and self-evaluation. ·       Reflective teaching help in the early identification of own limitations in teaching. ·       Reflective teaching brings improvement in teaching learning process. ·       What are the steps in reflective teaching? Collecting the data analysis of the data review creating the new plan teaching  ·       Reflective practice can be an important tool in practice-based professional learning settings.   ·       Blogging has been seen as another form of reflection on experience in a technological age.   Learner centeredness and learner needs ·       Learner centered education is also known as student centered education. ·       Learner-centered learning aims to develop learner autonomy and independence. ·       Learner centered instruction focuses on skills and practices that enable lifelong learning and independent problem solving. ·       Learner centered learning theory and practice are based on the constructivist learning theory. ·       Theorist like John Dewey, Jean Piaget, Lev Vygotsky and Carl Roger's also contributed to student centered learning. ·       "The only learning which significantly influences behaviour is self-discovered" - Carl Roger’s. ·       Maria Montessori was also a forerunner of student centered learning, where preschool children learn through independent self-directed interaction with previously presented activities.   ·        Learner centered education puts students at the center of learning process. ·       Zone of Proximal Development was a concept introduced by Lev Vygotsky. ·       ZPD is the difference between what a learner can do without help and what they can't do.   ·       Learner centered approach strengthens student motivation, promotes peer communication, builds student- teacher relationships and promotes active learning.